The Different Between Isolation Gown and Disposable Coverall
An isolation gown is used to protect medical personnel from blood, body fluids, and other infectious material contamination or to protect the recruit to avoid infection of protective equipment. The isolation gown should be open and can cover all clothes and exposed skin. Commonly used in the operation of the possibility of blood, body fluids spatter, contact with patients with infectious diseases transmitted by contact, multi-drug resistant bacteria patients, and large burns, bone marrow transplantation, and other patients to implement protective isolation. Most of the isolation gowns in clinical use are made of cloth, which cannot be worn once and discarded.
Examples
- When cleaning up vomit from HIV-infected patients, medical staff are at risk of being contaminated by the patient's vomit and therefore need to wear gloves and isolation clothing.
- Multi-drug resistant bacteria such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are mainly transmitted by contact. Therefore, patients with multi-drug resistant bacteria should be isolated in a single room or be admitted with the same pathogens.
- When performing morning care for patients with diabetes and carrying HBV, the risk of exposure to blood and body fluids is low, and there is no need to wear isolation gowns.
Disposable surgical gowns
At present, China has not yet promulgated the national or industry standards for single-use surgical gowns, available for reference is the State Food and Drug Administration issued the "Guidelines for the technical review of single-use surgical gown product registration" (Food and Drug Administration Office of Machinery Letter [2011] No. 187). According to the guidelines, single-use surgical gowns are divided into standard performance and high performance. High-performance surgical gowns are suitable for surgeries where the infectious virus is known to be present in the patient's blood or where it is unknown whether the infectious virus is present in the blood during emergency resuscitation, while standard performance surgical gowns are suitable for surgeries where the infectious virus is known to be absent from the patient's blood.
Examples
The source of exposure is a patient with advanced AIDS, and the occupational exposure is highly infectious. Therefore, when performing surgery on a patient with advanced AIDS, the surgeon should take appropriate protective measures, including wearing surgical gowns with impermeable function or waterproof apron, gloves, medical-surgical mask, goggles, and protective quasi to avoid occupational exposure to HIV.
Can disposable surgical gowns replace isolation gowns?
Disposable surgical gowns made of non-woven material have good anti-permeation barrier function and bacteria barrier performance for liquids, which can form a reliable protective barrier. While cotton isolation gowns can block a certain amount of microorganisms in a dry state, pathogenic bacteria will penetrate the gowns through liquids when they are contaminated with blood or in a wet state and lose their protective ability. From the comparison of protection ability, disposable surgical gowns are better than isolation gowns so that they can be used instead of isolation gowns.
Due to the high cost of disposable surgical gowns and environmental problems arising from their disposal as medical waste, it is not recommended to routinely use disposable surgical gowns to substitute for isolation gowns. Still, they can be used selectively according to different operations.
Disposable protective coverall
Disposable protective gowns are disposable protective items worn by clinical staff when in contact with patients with infectious diseases of category A or managed by category A infectious diseases. Protective clothing should have good waterproof, anti-static, filtration efficiency and no skin irritation, easy to put on and take off, tight combination, cuffs as well as ankle mouth for elastic closure and other characteristics. Disposable coveralls should be worn in the following cases: ① clinical medical personnel in contact with patients with infectious diseases of category A or according to the management of infectious diseases of category A. ② contact with patients with airborne or droplet-borne infectious diseases may be subject to the patient's blood, body fluids, secretions, excreta spray.
Infectious diseases in the "Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases Law of the People's Republic of China" is divided into three categories A, B, and C, including plague and cholera A infectious diseases. For infectious diseases in category B, including atypical infectious pneumonia, anthrax, pulmonary anthrax, and human highly pathogenic avian influenza, the same preventive and control measures for infectious diseases in category A are adopted.
Examples
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a respiratory infectious disease caused by a new coronavirus (the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus is a zoonotic virus, the vast majority of medical institutions in the main route of transmission is droplet transmission, but also through close contact with the patient's secretions or excretions and spread. To prevent occupational exposure to blood, body fluids, and secretions from splashing when intubating suspected Middle East respiratory syndrome patients, health care workers should wear protective clothing.
Human H7N9 avian influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by infection with H7N9 avian influenza virus type A. The source of infection may be the birds carrying the H7N9 avian influenza virus. People get infected through respiratory transmission or close contact with the secretions or excretions of infected birds. When consulting patients with human H7N9 avian influenza infection, health care workers do not come into contact with patients' respiratory secretions, and there is no aerosol-generating operation that requires protective clothing.
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